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Computer Dice
Jellyfish: Proof it doesn't cheat
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I can prove that [Jellyfish] _doesn't_ cheat with only two assumptions. If
it does cheat, then one of my assumptions must be wrong. Please give me a
counterexample demonstrating which one is unjustified. The assumtions are:
1) The dice rolls depend ONLY on the seed/counter and NOTHING else (not the
board position; not the match score; not the phase of the moon).
2) The move Jellyfish selects is strictly that which is evaluated with
the highest equity; the evaluation may depend on board position, cube
value and position, match score, but NOTHING else (not the current or
future dice, whether manual or computer generated; not what you ate
for breakfast this morning; nothing).
If these assumptions are true, then you can see that the dice and moves are
utterly independent. You can set the seed/counter to whatever you like at
the beginning of the game. Any board position is just as likely to occur
in that game as it is in another game with random seed/counter values.
Jellyfish will play the same move in each case. With some seed/counter
values, the subsequent rolls will be good for Jellyfish; with other values,
they won't. But the dice cannot possibly affect the moves (by assumption
2), and the moves cannot possibly affect the dice (by assumption 1);
therefore Jellyfish does not cheat.
Assumptions 1) and 2) are both falsifiable. I cannot prove them (that
would take an exhaustive search of the entire seed/counter/board
position space, which is far too large). But I hypothesise that they
are true, and so far there has been absolutely no evidence to refute
either of them. This has led me to believe that both assumptions are
correct. I will continue to believe in their truth (from which
Jellyfish's honesty directly follows) until evidence is provided to
the contrary.
Cheers,
Gary.
--
Gary Wong, Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona
gary@cs.arizona.edu http://www.cs.arizona.edu/~gary/
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Computer Dice
- Dice on backgammon servers (Hank Youngerman, July 2001)
- Does Agushak Backgammon cheat? (Mr Nabutovsky, June 2000)
- Does BG by George cheat? (George Sutty, Nov 1995)
- Does Backgammon NJ cheat? (Greg+, June 2010)
- Does Cybergammon cheat? (Goto Informatique, Aug 1996)
- Does David's Backgammon cheat? (Joseph B. Calderone, June 1998)
- Does GNU Backgammon cheat? (Robert-Jan Veldhuizen, Nov 2002)
- Does Gammontool cheat? (Jim Hurley, Sept 1991)
- Does Hyper-Gammon cheat? (ZZyzx, June 1996)
- Does Jellyfish cheat? (Fredrik Dahl, June 1997)
- Does MVP Backgammon cheat? (Mark Betz, Oct 1996)
- Does MonteCarlo cheat? (Matt Reklaitis, June 1998)
- Does Motif cheat? (Rick Kiesau+, Mar 2004)
- Does Motif cheat? (Billie Patterson, Feb 2003)
- Does Motif cheat? (Robert D. Johnson, Oct 1996)
- Does Snowie cheat? (André Nicoulin, Sept 1998)
- Does TD-Gammon cheat? (Gerry Tesauro, Feb 1997)
- Error rates with computer dice (NoChinDeluxe+, Feb 2011)
- FIBS: Analysis of 10 million rolls (Stephen Turner, Apr 1997)
- FIBS: Are the dice biased? (Kit Woolsey, Oct 1996)
- FIBS: Entering from the bar (Tom Keith+, Apr 1997)
- GamesGrid: Too many jokers? (Gregg Cattanach, Sept 2001)
- GridGammon: Are the dice random? (leobueno+, Sept 2011)
- Jellyfish: How to check the dice (John Goodwin, May 1998)
- Jellyfish: Proof it doesn't cheat (Gary Wong, July 1998)
- MSN Zone: Security flaw (happyjuggler0, June 2004)
- Official complaint form (Gary Wong, June 1998)
- Randomness testing (Brett Meyer+, Dec 2010)
- Safe Harbor Games dice (Michael Petch+, Aug 2011)
- Synopsis of "cheating" postings (Ray Karmo, Feb 2002)
- Testing for bias (Kit Woolsey, Jan 1995)
- The dice sure seem unfair! (Michael Sullivan, Apr 2004)
- Too many repeated rolls? (Stephen Turner, Mar 1994)
- Winning and losing streaks (Daniel Murphy, Mar 1998)
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